Les incontournables verbes irréguliers en anglais. Ils nous hantent depuis le début de notre scolarité. Et pourtant, il faut les connaître si votre objectif est d’apprendre à parler anglais.
Mais alors, comment les mémoriser efficacement ? Voyons ça dans cet article
**Verbes irréguliers dont les trois formes sont identiques**
Certains verbes irréguliers en anglais sont faciles à assimiler car **ils gardent sous leurs trois formes, infinitif, prétérit et participe passé une orthographe identique**. Voici ces verbes.
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to bet | bet | bet | parier |
| to burst | burst | burst | éclater |
| to cost | cost | cost | coûter |
| to cut | cut | cut | couper |
| to hit | hit | hit | frapper |
| to hurt | hurt | hurt | blesser, faire mal |
| to let | let | let | permettre |
| to put | put | put | mettre |
| to shut | shut | shut | fermer |
| to spread | spread | spread | s’étendre, se répandre |
| to read | read | read | lire |
**Verbes irréguliers dont deux formes sont identiques**
**Infinitif et participe passé identiques**
Quand l’infinitif et le participe passé sont identiques, il convient de mémoriser la formulation du verbe irrégulier en anglais au prétérit.
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to become | became | become | devenir |
| to come | came | come | venir |
| to run | ran | run | courir |
**Prétérit et participe passé identiques**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to make | made | made | faire |
**Terminaison en –T**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to build | built | built | construire |
| to bend | bent | bent | plier, se pencher |
| to dream | dreamt | dreamt | rêver |
| to burn | burnt | burnt | brûler |
| to feel | felt | felt | sentir |
| to kneel | knelt | knelt | s’agenouiller |
| to keep | kept | kept | garder |
| to learn | learnt | learnt | apprendre |
| to leave | left | left | partir |
| to lend | lent | lent | prêter |
| to light | lit | lit | allumer, éclairer |
| to lose | lost | lost | perdre |
| to sleep | slept | slept | dormir |
| to smell | smelt | smelt | sentir |
| to spell | spelt | spelt | épeler |
| to spend | spent | spent | dépenser |
| to spoil | spoilt | spoilt | gâter, gacher |
| to mean | meant | meant | signifier |
| to send | sent | sent | envoyer |
| to sweep | swept | swept | balayer |
**Terminaison en –D**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to have | had | had | avoir, prendre |
| to hear | heard | heard | entendre |
| to slide | slid | slid | glisser |
| to make | made | made | faire |
**Terminaison en –GHT**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to buy | bought | bought | acheter |
| to catch | caught | caught | attraper |
| to bring | brought | brought | apporter |
| to teach | taught | taught | enseigner |
| to think | thought | thought | penser |
| to fight | fought | fought | se battre |
| to seek | sought | sought | chercher |
**Terminaison en –AID**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to lay | laid | laid | poser à plat |
| to pay | paid | paid | payer |
| to say | said | said | dire |
**Allitérations en –E**
| Infinitif | Prérérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to bleed | bled | bled | saigner |
| to feed | fed | fed | se nourir |
| to meet | met | met | rencontrer |
| to hold | held | held | tenir |
| to behold | beheld | beheld | contempler |
| to lead | led | led | mener |
**Allitération en –U**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to dig | dug | dug | creuser |
| to hang | hung | hung | suspendre |
| to stick | stuck | stuck | coller |
**Allitération en -O**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to get | got | got | obtenir |
| to sell | sold | sold | vendre |
| to tell | told | told | dire |
| to shine | shone | shone | briller |
| to shoot | shot | shot | tirer (projectile) |
| to win | won | won | gagner |
**Allitération en –A**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to sit | sat | sat | être assis |
| to spit | spat | spat | cracher |
**Allitération en –OUND**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to bind | bound | bound | lier, relier |
| to find | found | found | trouver |
| to grind | ground | ground | moudre |
| to wind | wound | wound | serpenter |
**Allitération en -OOD**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to stand | stood | stood | être debout |
| to understand | understood | understood | comprendre |
| to withstand | withstood | withstood | résister |
| to misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood | mécomprendre |
**Verbes irréguliers dont les formes sont différentes**
Pour terminer, certains verbes en anglais prennent une **forme différente à chaque fois.**
**« I » à l’infinitif ; « A » au prétérit ; « U » au participe passé**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to begin | began | begun | commencer |
| to cling | clang | clung | s’accrocher |
| to drink | drank | drunk | boire |
| to ring | rang | rung | sonner |
| to sing | sang | sung | chanter |
| to sink | sank | sunk | couler, s’enfoncer |
| to swim | swam | swum | nager |
**Participe passé terminant en –EN**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to awake | awoke | awoken | s’éveiller |
| to break | broke | broken | casser |
| to choose | chose | chosen | choisir |
| to speak | spoke | spoken | parler |
| to steal | stole | stolen | voler |
| to wake | woke | woken | réveiller |
| to drive | drove | driven | conduire |
| to eat | ate | eaten | manger |
| to fall | fell | fallen | tomber |
| to forbid | forbade | forbidden | interdire |
| to forget | forgot | forgotten | oublier |
| to forgive | forgave | forgiven | pardonner |
| to hide | hid | hidden | cacher |
| to bite | bit | bitten | mordre |
| to freeze | froze | frozen | geler |
| to give | gave | given | donner |
| to ride | rode | ridden | aller à cheval, à bicyclette |
| to rise | rose | risen | s’élever, se lever |
| to see | saw | seen | voir |
| to shake | shook | shaken | secouer |
| to write | wrote | written | écrire |
| to take | took | taken | prendre |
**« EW » au prétérit et « -WN» au participe passé**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to blow | blew | blown | souffler |
| to draw | drew | drawn | dessiner |
| to fly | flew | flown | voler |
| to grow | grew | grown | grandir |
| to know | knew | known | connaître |
| to throw | threw | thrown | lancer |
**Cas particuliers**
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe Passé | Traduction |
| — | — | — | — |
| to show | showed | shown | montrer |
| to be | was/were | been | être |
| to bear | bore | borne | (sup)porter |
| to swear | swore | sworn | jurer |
| to do | did | done | faire |
| to go | went | gone | aller |
| to lie | lay | lain | s’étendre |
| to wear | wore | worn | porter (sur soi) |
Vous avez toutes les cartes en main pour apprendre les verbes irréguliers en anglais. Good luck !